level of effort 的解释 [复制链接]

引用楼主sd560于2010-0606-08 12:48发表的 level of effort 的解释 : J`^ag'  
我是个新手，刚开始接触p6，在学习过程中遇到了一个词叫level of effort ，经过查找发现只有英文维基百科上有它的解释：
Level of effort activity
     In Project Management, Level of Effort (LOE) is a support type project activity which must be done to support other work activities or the entire project effort. It usually consists of short amounts of work which must be repeated periodically. Examples of such an activity may be project budget accounting, customer liaison, or oiling machinery during manufacturing, etc.
     Since an LOE activity is not itself a work item directly associated with accomplishing the final project product, service or result, but rather one that supports such work, its duration is based on the duration of the discrete work activity it is supporting -- oiling machinery will start when manufacturing starts and finish when it finishes. As a result, an LOE activity should never be on the critical path of the project schedule, as it never of itself adds time to the project. Rather, manufacturing would be on the critical path, and the oiling activity would become shorter or longer only if manufacturing does.
     In inserting LOE activities to a critical path method schedule, the LOE is usually scheduled as BOTH a start-to-start (SS) and finish-to-finish successor of the driving activity. In a network logic diagram, these two relationships make it look as though the LOE is hanging from the start and finish of the discrete activity. As a result, an LOE thus diagrammed is sometimes referred to as a "hammock" activity or relationship.
      LOE is used to define the amount of work performance within a period of time and is measured in man days or man hours per day/week/month.
      LOE estimation is one of the primary tasks of a project manager.
翻译如下：
配合工作
    在项目管理中，配合工作是一种辅助类型的工作，为了支持其它工作作业或者整个项目工作而必须施行.它通常包括阶段重复性短期工作，这类工作的例子可以是项目预算目录，客户联络，或者是在制造期间给机器上油，等等。
    既然LOE作业本身不是一个直接联系最终项目产品，服务或者成果的工作项，但却是支持这些工作的工作项，它的工期基于其所支持的离散工作作业的工期——当制造开始时，给机器上油的工作也开始了，制造结束，它也结束了。所以，LOE作业永远不可能成为项目进度计划的重要项目，因为它本身不会增加项目的时间。更确切的说，制造才应该是关键项目，而且给机器上油的作业应该只随着制造过程的延长而延长。
    要将LOE作业插入到关键线路法进度计划，LOE通常作为开始对开始，结束对结束的推动作业的紧后工作。在网络逻辑图中，这两个关系让它看起来是从离散作业的开始和结束就一直实行的。所以，LOE这种图示有时便被认为是“吊床”工作或关系。
    LOE用于定义在一个时期内的工作量并且以每天/周/月工日或工时计量。
    LOE预估是项目管理的一个主要工作。